DB Instance Generation

01 Login to the AWS Management Console.

02 Navigate to EC2 dashboard at https://console.aws.amazon.com/rds/.

03 In the navigation panel, under RDS Dashboard, click Instances.

04 Select the RDS instance that you want to examine.

05 Click Instance Actions button from the dashboard top menu and select See Details.

06 Under Instance and IOPS section, check the Instance Class value:

If the selected database is using an instance class from a previous generation - like the ones listed in the Audit section table, we highly recommend an upgrade (see Remediation / Resolution section).

07 Repeat steps no. 4 – 6 for each RDS instance provisioned in the current region. Change the AWS region from the navigation bar to repeat the process for other regions.

01 Run describe-db-instances command (OSX/Linux/UNIX) to list all RDS database names, available in the selected AWS region:

aws rds describe-db-instances
	--region us-east-1
	--query 'DBInstances[*].DBInstanceIdentifier'

02 The command output should return each database instance identifier (name):

[
    "prod-mysql-database"
]

03 Run again describe-db-instances command (OSX/Linux/UNIX) using the RDS instance identifier returned earlier, to determine the database instance class (type):

aws rds describe-db-instances
	--region us-east-1
	--db-instance-identifier prod-mysql-database
	--query 'DBInstances[*].DBInstanceClass'

04 The command output should return the type of the selected RDS database instance:

[
    "db.t1.micro"
]

05 Repeat steps no. 1 – 4 for each RDS instance provisioned in the current region. Change the AWS region by using the --region filter to repeat the process for other regions.

01 Login to the AWS Management Console.

02 Navigate to EC2 dashboard at https://console.aws.amazon.com/rds/.

03 In the navigation panel, under RDS Dashboard, click Instances.

04 Select the RDS instance that you want to upgrade.

05 Click Instance Actions button from the dashboard top menu and select Modify.

06 On the Modify DB Instance: <instance identifier> page, under Instance Specifications section, select the previous generation instance type equivalent from the DB Instance Class dropdown list:

07 At the bottom of the page, check Apply Immediately to apply the instance class change immediately.
(!) IMPORTANT: when you upgrade (resize) the instance class (type), an immediate outage will occur. If the selected database instance is used in production consider leaving Apply Immediately option disabled before applying the changes in order to avoid any downtime. If Apply Immediately is not selected, the instance type upgrade will be processed during the next maintenance window.

08 Click Continue.

09 Review the changes and click Modify DB Instance. During the upgrade process the instance status should change from available to modifying and back to available (it may take few minutes depending on the instance configuration). Once the upgrade is complete, the instance type should be updated on the details page.

10 Repeat steps no. 4 – 9 for each RDS instance available in the current region. Change the AWS region from the navigation bar to repeat the process for other regions.

01 Run describe-db-instances command (OSX/Linux/UNIX) to list all RDS database names (identifiers), available in the selected AWS region:

aws rds describe-db-instances
	--region us-east-1
	--query 'DBInstances[*].DBInstanceIdentifier'

02 The command output should return each database instance identifier:

[
    "prod-mysql-database"
]

03 Run modify-db-instance command (OSX/Linux/UNIX) to resize the selected RDS instance and upgrade it to the latest generation class. The following example is using the –apply-immediately option to apply the change asynchronously and trigger an immediate outage. In order to avoid any downtime in production, skip adding the –apply-immediately parameter and the RDS service will apply the change during the next maintenance window:

aws rds modify-db-instance
	--region us-east-1
	--db-instance-identifier prod-mysql-database
	--db-instance-class db.t2.micro
	--apply-immediately

04 The command output should reveal the configuration metadata for the RDS instance with the new instance type as pending modified value (highlighted):

{
    "DBInstance": {
        "PubliclyAccessible": true,
        "MasterUsername": "webappdb",
        "MonitoringInterval": 0,
        "LicenseModel": "general-public-license",
        ... 
        "PendingModifiedValues": {
            "DBInstanceClass": "db.t2.micro"
        },
  	   ...
        "DbiResourceId": "db- N6AMHA3BZF4IPV72DN7ZDEYQEM",
        "CACertificateIdentifier": "rds-ca-2015",
        "StorageEncrypted": false,
        "DBInstanceClass": "db.t1.micro",
        "DbInstancePort": 0,
        "DBInstanceIdentifier": "prod-mysql-database"
    }
}

05 Once the process is complete (it may take few minutes depending on the instance configuration), run describe-db-instances command (OSX/Linux/UNIX) using the database identifier to check if the selected instance class has been successfully changed:

aws rds describe-db-instances
	--region us-east-1
	--db-instance-identifier prod-mysql-database
	--query 'DBInstances[*].DBInstanceClass'

06 The command output should return the new class name for the RDS database instance:

[
    "db.t2.micro"
]

07 Repeat steps no. 1 – 6 for each RDS instance provisioned in the current region. Change the AWS region by using the --region filter to repeat the process for other regions.